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4 August: Difference between revisions
1915 events added
The Great War>Borderman (div col for notes) |
The Great War>Borderman (1915 events added) |
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*[[Germany]] says French meant to invade Belgian territory, and she must take measures of defence. Violates [[Belgium]] at Gemmenich, early morning; burns [[Visé]] and attacks [[Liège]].
*Germany declares war on Belgium.
*[[Bona]] and [[Philippeville]] (Algeria) [[bombarded]] by German cruisers ''[[SMS Goeben|Goeben]]'' and ''[[SMS Breslau|Breslau]]''.
*[[Trieux]], near Briey ([[France]]). Taken by Germans. Speech by French PM [[René Viviani]].
*Chancellor [[von Bethmann-Hollweg]]'s speech in Reichstag, acknowledging they are doing wrong.<ref>From the Chancellor's speech: "...A French inroad on our [[flank]] on the Lower Rhine would have been fatal to us. So we were forced to set aside the just protests of the [[Luxemburg]] and Belgian Governments. The wrong – I speak openly – the wrong that we now do we will try to make good again as soon as our military ends have been reached. When one is threatened as we are, and all is at stake, one can only think of how one can hack one's way out..."</ref>
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*[[Sir John Jellicoe]] takes command of British Fleet.
*[[Sir Edward Goschen]]'s interview ("scrap of paper") with Chancellor in evening:<ref>[[Sir Edward Goschen]]'s final interview with the German Chancellor, [[Herr von Bethmann-Hollweg]], after the British ultimatum with regard to [[Belgium]] had been rejected. Chancellor deprecated going to war for the sake of "neutrality," for "a scrap of paper." Had the British Government considered the price at which compact would have been kept?</ref> '''British ultimatum'''<ref>[[Great Britain]] presents ultimatum to [[Germany]]. Ultimatum required that Germany should give unequivocal assurances that she would respect the neutral territory of Belgium guaranteed by her in 1839 and endorsed by her (in writing) in 1870. Failing this assurance, Great Britain would "take all steps" to uphold the neutrality of Belgium and the observance of the treaty.</ref> '''and state of war at 11 p.m.'''
==!915==
*{{EF}} - Germans threaten [[Warsaw]]; civilians evacuate; Blonie-Nadarzyn line (15 miles west of Warsaw) abandoned by Russians. Latter evacuate [[Ivangorod]].
*{{SF}} - Castle of Lizzana ([[Rovereto]]) destroyed by Austrians. Italians occupy [[Col di Lana]] ([[Cordevole Valley]], Ventian Alps).
*{{NO}} - French battleships [[bombard]] [[Spelia]] and [[Scalanova]] (opposite Samos).
*{{PO}} - Anniversary service at St. Paul's.<ref>Resolution passed at London Opera House and at all War Anniversary meetings, ran as follows: - "That on the anniversary of the declaration of a righteous war this meeting declares its inflexible determination to continue to a victorious end the struggle in maintenance of those ideals of liberty and justice which are the common and sacred cause of the [[Allies]]."</ref>
** Losses announced.<ref>British losses during the first year:- 76,000 killed; 252,000 wounded; 55,000 missing; Total 383,000.</ref>
** French Chamber renews "Union sacree".
** Mr. Tribich Lincoln, spy and ex-M.P., arrested in New York.
** [[Rumania]] votes £4,000,000 for military purposes.
** National Cabinet for [[New Zealand]] decided on.
==References/notes==
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