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1st Battalion War Diary, May 1917: Difference between revisions

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(completed inc. sketch map)
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| style="width:12%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Place
! style="width:12%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Place
| style="width:6%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Date
! style="width:6%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Date
| style="width:6%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Hour
! style="width:6%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Hour
| style="width:76%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; padding-left:10px; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Summary of Events and Information
! style="width:76%; background:#444444; color:#f7f7f7; text-align:center; padding-left:10px; font-weight:400; border-bottom:1px solid #aaaaaa;"|Summary of Events and Information
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|WANQUETIN
|WANQUETIN
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:(2) a platoon strong point near the SOUTHERN end of DEVILS TRENCH.|offset=5px}}
:(2) a platoon strong point near the SOUTHERN end of DEVILS TRENCH.|offset=5px}}
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|MONCHY LE PREUX
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|19/20 May 1917
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|{{left|C Company, under the command of LIEUT. TE THORBURN BROWN. (K.O.S.B attached BORDER) less one platoon were to extend to their left on the assault taking place to occupy the line vacated by B Coy and "D" Coy under command of <s>Capt</s> CAPT H. PALMER. were to advance over the open from SHRAPNEL TRENCH into the line vacated by A Company.<br>
|{{left|C Company, under the command of LIEUT. TE THORBURN BROWN. (K.O.S.B attached BORDER) less one platoon were to extend to their left on the assault taking place to occupy the line vacated by B Coy and "D" Coy under command of <s>Capt</s> CAPT H. PALMER. were to advance over the open from SHRAPNEL TRENCH into the line vacated by A Company.<br>
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D Company South Wales Borders were attached under command of CAPT DAVIES and were set objectives in DEVILS TRENCH, with orders to dig strong points <s>on either side of BIT LANE</s> in this trench about 50y N&S respectively of BIT LANE.
D Company South Wales Borders were attached under command of CAPT DAVIES and were set objectives in DEVILS TRENCH, with orders to dig strong points <s>on either side of BIT LANE</s> in this trench about 50y N&S respectively of BIT LANE.


It will be seen that "A" Company was allotted the most difficult task and that the most minute details had to be considered with regard to the BOIS des AUBEPINES which was known to be strong as the front edge of this wood was only about 50y from our front line trench running round the NE corner of TWIN COPSE, and this front edge was discovered, by patrol, to be fortified a new jumping off trench was required for A Coy. <u>behind</u> the original|offset=5px}}
It will be seen that "A" Company was allotted the most difficult task and that the most minute details had to be considered with regard to the BOIS des AUBEPINES which was known to be strong as the front edge of this wood was only about 50y from our front line trench running round the NE corner of TWIN COPSE, and this front edge was discovered, by patrol, to be fortified a new jumping off trench was required for A Coy. <u>behind</u> the original front line so as to allow a safety margin for our barrage & [[artillery]] fire. This trench was therefore dug about 60y inside the copse from the E edge, also the short piece of open ground between CHAIN TRENCH and SNAFFLE TRENCH was to be run through by a communication trench giving a makeshift communication, which was as much as could be hoped for in the limited time. This latter was dug through on the night of the 17th/18th by the S.W.B but the assembly trench through TWIN COPSE was found on taking over the line on the 17th to be very "scratchy" so that A company & 2 platoons of C Coy had to dig all night on the 18/19th to make it tenable by day during the preliminary [[bombardment]].

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|MONCHY LE PREUX
|19/20 May 1917
|
|{{left|front line so as to allow a safety margin for our barrage & [[artillery]] fire. This trench was therefore dug about 60y inside the copse from the E edge, also the short piece of open ground between CHAIN TRENCH and SNAFFLE TRENCH was to be run through by a communication trench giving a makeshift communication, which was as much as could be hoped for in the limited time. This latter was dug through on the night of the 17th/18th by the S.W.B but the assembly trench through TWIN COPSE was found on taking over the line on the 17th to be very "scratchy" so that A company & 2 platoons of C Coy had to dig all night on the 18/19th to make it tenable by day during the preliminary [[bombardment]].
The relief of the K.O.S.B. on the night 17/18 was only just completed by dawn so that no patrolling or work could be done that night but on the night of 18/19th in addition to work already [?], D Coy established a battalion dump at the junction of ARRON TRENCH and the front line containing 80 coils barbed concertina wire, 10 boxes SAA 10 boxes mills (No 5) hand [[grenade]]s, screw pickets etc. The whole front was also patrolled & positions to be assaulted generally reconnoitred, resulting in this being found to be fairly strongly held with numerous [[machine gun]]s, but not wired with the exception of <s>BIT LANE</s> DEVIL’S TRENCH where it cuts BIT LANE. Here the S.W.B. found wire running Northwards, and reported it with a request that it should be specially treated before the advance. This was accordingly reported to Brigade HQ. |offset=5px}}
The relief of the K.O.S.B. on the night 17/18 was only just completed by dawn so that no patrolling or work could be done that night but on the night of 18/19th in addition to work already [?], D Coy established a battalion dump at the junction of ARRON TRENCH and the front line containing 80 coils barbed concertina wire, 10 boxes SAA 10 boxes mills (No 5) hand [[grenade]]s, screw pickets etc. The whole front was also patrolled & positions to be assaulted generally reconnoitred, resulting in this being found to be fairly strongly held with numerous [[machine gun]]s, but not wired with the exception of <s>BIT LANE</s> DEVIL’S TRENCH where it cuts BIT LANE. Here the S.W.B. found wire running Northwards, and reported it with a request that it should be specially treated before the advance. This was accordingly reported to Brigade HQ. |offset=5px}}
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|15.10
|15.10
|{{left|LIEUT L. MACHELL was sent in to the front line as Battalion Liaison officer with the telephone there and at 15.10 he reported that as a result of the short shooting of our 18 pds. we had had several casualties in A Coy. 3 in C Coy & our RF including 2 stretcher cases.
|{{left|LIEUT L. MACHELL was sent in to the front line as Battalion Liaison officer with the telephone there and at 15.10 he reported that as a result of the short shooting of our 18 pds. we had had several casualties in A Coy. 3 in C Coy & our RF including 2 stretcher cases. Major DOLPHIN o/c 26th Battery R.F.A who was doing F.O.O on SNAFFLE TRENCH at the time corroborated this. This again was communicated by code over telephone to Brigade.

Major DOLPHIN o/c 26th Battery R.F.A who was doing F.O.O on SNAFFLE TRENCH at the time corroborated this. This again was communicated by code over telephone to Brigade.
From this time till several hours later nothing of marked importance occurred. The utmost concern was felt for the troops suffering from the erratic shooting of our artillery, & every effort was made to stop it but as no F.O.O or liaison officer was present little or nothing could be done [?] reporting each occurrence immediately to Bde HQ.|offset=5px}}
From this time till several hours later nothing of marked importance occurred. The utmost concern was felt for the troops suffering from the erratic shooting of our artillery, & every effort was made to stop it but as no F.O.O or liaison officer was present little or nothing could be done [?] reporting each occurrence immediately to Bde HQ.|offset=5px}}
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|19/5/17
|19/5/17
|20.55
|20.55
|{{left|The climax came at <s>8.55</s> 20.55 when a messenger arrived from the front line with two messages one in code & one in clear from o/c A Coy stating that at about 8PM (20.00) a [[battery]] of heavies or [[howitzer]]s had opened fire, & the shells had all fallen short, mainly into the new assembly trench dug in rear of our front line & in which our troops were massed for the assault – through TWIN COPSE. As only 5 minutes remained to zero, the commanding officer spoke to the Brigade major in clear as follows.<br>
|{{left|The climax came at <s>8.55</s> 20.55 when a messenger arrived from the front line with two messages one in code & one in clear from o/c A Coy stating that at about 8PM (20.00) a [[battery]] of heavies or [[howitzer]]s had opened fire, & the shells had all fallen short, mainly into the new assembly trench dug in rear of our front line & in which our troops were massed for the assault – through TWIN COPSE. As only 5 minutes remained to zero, the commanding officer spoke to the Brigade major in clear as follows.

Heavy battery is firing 100y short of W edge of BOIS des AUBEPINES AAA they must lay?? them at once.|offset=5px}}
Heavy battery is firing 100y short of W edge of BOIS des AUBEPINES AAA they must lay?? them at once.|offset=5px}}
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|1.30
|1.30
|{{left|As the general situation by this time clearly indicated that the attack had not succeeded the Commanding Officer sent a message to the senior officer in the firing line Lt T.E. THORBURN BROWN, who, tho’ wounded in the early <s>afternoon</s> morning of the 19th was still carrying on as o/c C Company, to make every effort before dawn to get everyone back to our original front line & reorganise for defence in case of counter attack.
|{{left|As the general situation by this time clearly indicated that the attack had not succeeded the Commanding Officer sent a message to the senior officer in the firing line Lt T.E. THORBURN BROWN, who, tho’ wounded in the early <s>afternoon</s> morning of the 19th was still carrying on as o/c C Company, to make every effort before dawn to get everyone back to our original front line & reorganise for defence in case of counter attack.

Reports came in to the effect that B Company’s attack had also been held up. 2LT MIDDLETON killed, 2LT CRAINE wounded & 2LT LAYARD M.C. o/c company wounded & missing, also the S.W.B. attack had failed Capt Davies being wounded & missing.|offset=5px}}
Reports came in to the effect that B Company’s attack had also been held up. 2LT MIDDLETON killed, 2LT CRAINE wounded & 2LT LAYARD M.C. o/c company wounded & missing, also the S.W.B. attack had failed Capt Davies being wounded & missing.|offset=5px}}
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C Company had extended to fill up the vacated lines as far as possible but two platoons supporting the advance of A. Coy had been badly cut up.
C Company had extended to fill up the vacated lines as far as possible but two platoons supporting the advance of A. Coy had been badly cut up.


D Company. CAPT H. PALMER had been wounded, also Lieut DURHAM they had been under heavy fire while in trenches, & came under a barrage on moving over the open to occupy the vacated front line. Lt DANIELLI was in charge of the company, what was left of it, in the front line, reorganising for defence. The whole line was being put in a state of defence, [[Vickers machine gun|Vickers guns]] put in the line where weakly held. D Company S.W.B had lost CAPT DAVIES wounded & missing|offset=5px}}
D Company. CAPT H. PALMER had been wounded, also Lieut DURHAM they had been under heavy fire while in trenches, & came under a barrage on moving over the open to occupy the vacated front line. Lt DANIELLI was in charge of the company, what was left of it, in the front line, reorganising for defence. The whole line was being put in a state of defence, [[Vickers machine gun|Vickers guns]] put in the line where weakly held. D Company S.W.B had lost CAPT DAVIES wounded & missing.|offset=5px}}
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|MONCHY LE PREUX
|20/5/17
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|{{left|Having come under very heavy machine gun fire from DEVILS TRENCH and <u>THE CART</u> on BIT LANE the attack had been broken up & a few men had gained ARROW TRENCH and were holding out, but a general retirement to our original line was ordered.

The line which the S.W.B. had vacated had been occupied by another company of S.W.B but these had not got touch with either flank and in [?recovering] the hill, they were ordered to shake out about 50y to their right to gain touch with C Coy BORDERS & also to their left. Thereby about 4 AM the line was established as strongly as the number of troops would allow, and with two Vickers guns in the front line.

Patrols worked from the time the retirement to our original line was ordered & [[stretcher bearer]]s worked unceasingly to clear casualties, with the result that by dawn the majority of our wounded were brought back to our line, & throughout the day the evacuation of stretcher cases, though necessarily slow, was continued. It was reported at dawn that at dawn the enemy were also taking in our wounded who had fallen near their line.
Owing to the heavy casualties arrangements were made, during the day for us to be relieved by the Lancashire fusiliers. These troops arrived about 11 PM & relief was reported complete by 3.15 AM – The Battalion moving back to ARRAS to billets.

The determined and unconquerable spirit of the Battalion was exemplified in the behaviour of CAPT. H. BUNTING M.C. and LIEUT T.E. THORBURN BROWN both of whom were wounded, but refused to leave the regiment, tho’ their wounds were such that they might reasonably have done so.

Casualties eventually proved to be as under.|offset=5px}}
:{| class="basictable" style="background:#f8f9fa; border-collapse:collapse;"
|-
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;" rowspan="2"|Officers
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;"|<u>KILLED</u>
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;"|<u>WOUNDED</u>
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;"|<u>WOUNDED & MISSING</u>
|-
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa; font-size:90%;"|2LT E.B. DUNLOP<br>2LT T.S. MIDDLETON<br>LIEUT P. NEW<br>LIEUT L.W ARMSTRONG
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa; font-size:90%;"|CAPT H. PALMER<br>2LT A.H CRAINE<br>CAPT. H. BUNTING M.C<br>LT TE. THORBURN BROWN<br>2LT DURHAM
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa; font-size:90%;"|2LT F.S. LAYARD M.C
|-
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;" rowspan="2"|Men
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;"|KILLED
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;"|WOUNDED
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa;"|MISSING
|-
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa; font-size:90%;"|19
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa; font-size:90%;"|116
|style="vertical-align:top; background:#f8f9fa; font-size:90%;"|49
|-
|style="background:#f8f9fa; text-align:center;" colspan="4"|TOTAL 10 officers & 184 other ranks
|}
{{right|[signed] ''Arthur W Sutcliffe'' Capt.<br>a/adjutant<br>1st The Border Regiment|offset=25px}}
|-
|ARRAS
|21/5/17
|
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|{{left|The Battalion arrived back into ARRAS to billets this morning about 6 AM & rested all day, cleaning up in the evening.|offset=5px}}
|-
|"
|22/5/17
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|{{left|Reorganising the remaining men of the battalion into platoons with compliments of specialist.|offset=5px}}
|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|23/5/17
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|{{left|Still at ARRAS reorganising & training. Requiem Mass for RC’s and special service for the men who had fallen on the 19th.|offset=5px}}
|-
|"
|24/5/17
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|{{left|ARRAS in billets – training.|offset=5px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|25/5/17
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|{{left|Party of 15 men & CAPT H BUNTING MC went to Rest Camp BOULOGNE.|offset=5px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|26/5/17
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|{{left|ARRAS in billets.|offset=5px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|27/5/17
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|{{left|Lt COL WORRALL BORDER REGT and CAPT E.R. CHETHAM-STRODE visited the Battalion from 2nd Battalion – church parade.|offset=5px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|28/5/17
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|{{left|Training at ARRAS.|offset=5px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|29/5/17
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|{{left|— DO —|offset=25px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|30/5/17
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|{{left|Warned to stand by to go into the line. Subsequently cancelled so carried on training.
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|offset=5px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}
|-
|-
|"
|31/5/17
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|{{left|Moved up to trenches tonight – battalion relieving S.W.B in MONCHY defences – very quiet
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|offset=5px}}
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|{{left| |offset=5px}}




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|{{right|[signed] ''Arthur W Sutcliffe'' Capt.<br>a/adjutant<br>1st The Border Regiment|offset=25px}}
|{{right|[signed] ''Arthur W Sutcliffe'' Capt.<br>a/adjutant<br>1st The Border Regiment|offset=25px}}
|}
|}
<div class="res-img">

[[File:1st Border Regiment, May 1917 (Monchy-le-Preux).png|center]]
</div>
== References / notes ==
== References / notes ==
*National Archives Catalogue Reference: WO/95/2305/1
*National Archives Catalogue Reference: WO/95/2305/1
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